Chaucers Women From Eve to Mary Essay - 1272 Words

Chaucers Women From Eve to Mary The Middle Ages was an interesting time to be a woman. For centuries the church generally disapproved of, with equal measure, women and sex. Women were not even thought of as human beings, and were seen as necessary only in what they could do for their men. When the men left for the Crusades women were given a larger role in the upkeep of their husbands’ houses and estates, and assumed a more public role in the community. This gave the women a greater feeling of independence, which they did not relinquish entirely when the men returned. As the men returned from the crusades they brought with them a new found openness to ideas, and a newfound respect for the worship of the Virgin Mary. These are two of†¦show more content†¦The narrator admires her good looks from afar and treats her as if she is a character in some minstrel’s courtly love song. Even her name is not a religious one; Eglentyne would have been a name associated with the romances of Medieval Engl and, not the church. Chaucer shows the Prioress to be a charming fraud. She acts above her station by keeping dogs, speaking French (with an English accent), and wearing jewelry, which would be inappropriate on any nun in any century. Her table manners are also courtly, she never spills any sauce and never gets any on her fingers. They way she eats is also showcases her virtuous nature, the way people eat has long been a gage of what they are like in bed. The narrator also shows the Prioress to be selectively tenderhearted. The proof of her hypocritical nature is shown in her attentions to her dogs. â€Å"But sore weep she if oon of hem were deed, Or if men smoot it with a yerde smerte:† She cares deeply about her dogs, she loves them, she hates to see them suffering. She also feeds them meat, milk and expensive bread, to keep them healthy. Too bad that there are a lot of people in England starving in the aftermath of the plague, as long as her dogs are fine, she is happy. B y showing the Prioress in comparison to what a â€Å"Lady† of that time would have been, and by allowing her to be admired by the narrator and the others in a non-religious way Chaucer shows us the church’sShow MoreRelated Chaucers Canterbury Tales Essay - Women in The Wife of Bath1433 Words   |  6 PagesWomen in Chaucers The Wife of Bath Chaucers The Wife of Baths Prologue and Tale is a medieval legend that paints a portrait of strong women finding love and themselves in the direst of situations. It is presented to the modern day reader as an early tale of feminism showcasing the ways a female character gains power within a repressive, patriarchal society. Underneath the simplistic plot of female empowerment lies an underbelly of anti-feminism. Sometimes this is presented blatantlyRead MoreEssay on The Wife of Bath: Feminism in Chaucers Work2146 Words   |  9 PagesWomen in the medieval times were cast into very distinct roles. There was a strict code of conduct that was followed. They were to be submissive to their husbands and follow their lead. A womans place was also in the home and the responsibilities of cooking, cleaning, sewing, etc. fell into their domain. Women who deviated from these cultural-set norms made for interesting characters. Chaucers use of women and their overstepping their boundari es and typical roles in society make them mostRead MoreWomen s Unequal Portrayal, And The Struggle For Identity Of Female Writers1777 Words   |  8 Pagespublished writers were male, so representation was obviously one-sided. Literacy in the ancient worlds was limited anyway, and few that could write were female. Oral culture is undervalued, though, because folktales were predominantly passed down by women. 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The archetype is experienced in projections, powerful affect images, symbols, moods, and behavior patterns such as rituals, ceremonialsRead MoreJudith Butlers Perception of the Female in the Modern Era: Gender Identity and the Act of Becoming in Cindy Shermans History Portraits6698 Words   |  27 PagesJudith Butler view Cindy Shermans work and the way that Cindy Sherman speaks of her photographs. It may be the disparity that exists between many modern artists, who often operate on an intuitive level, and the philosopher critics who comment upon them from a theoretical perspective or a pre-established framework. On one level, Cindy Sherman may only be playing dress-up (as she herself admits) in her famous History Port raits (1989-90) (Berne, 2003). On another level, however, her dressing-up may be

Essay about William Faulkners As I Lay Dying - 469 Words

William Faulkners As I Lay Dying In William Faulkners novel, As I Lay Dying many points of view are expressed through the use of interior monologue, but even when they are all put together, they cant serve as an objective view of what really happened. In the book, there are many monologues by many different people, often with opposing ideas and beliefs. Together the novel is a book of half-truths, with each set of events formed by what the narrator believes is the truth. To each individual what they say and think they consider a reality, however, it is merely their own perception of reality and consequently it becomes subjective. In the following essay, I will describe the structure the author uses in the book and the underlying†¦show more content†¦The reader cant gain an objective idea of what really happened during that period of time. Another example of an actual incident and of peoples opposing views coming into conflict with the reality of what was going on was with Cora and Darl. He did not an swer. He just stood and looked at his dying mother, his heart too full for words (Faulkner 24-25). This is how Cora views Darl, as a kind and loving son, the private favorite and love of Addie. Darl however, appears to be indifferent to his mother and the three dollar load. Everyone else knows that Jewel is, in fact, the favorite child; this makes the characters unreliable in retelling the actual events to the reader. Each monologue is clouded with the viewpoints and ideas of the character narrating it, so it is impossible to have an objective account of what really happened. Using the form that Faulkner uses we can also see that while Darl narrates many chapters in the novel, and is viewed as the most reliable character, this idea is ruined when he is sent to an asylum. Darl has gone to Jackson. They put him on the train, laughing, down the long car laughing; the heads turn like the heads of owls when he passed (Faulkner 254). In Darls final monologue he refers toShow MoreRel atedWilliam Faulkners As I Lay Dying2018 Words   |  9 PagesWilliam Faulkner’s As I Lay Dying presents a broken family whose members are not all sound of mind. They all present different ways in which their sense of self can be viewed as broken. Even though there is no forefront hero depicted within the novel there is definitely evidence that suggests that some of the heroes are capable of heroic characteristics. Though there is rampant selfishness and immorality some redeeming qualities of the Bundren family shine through. The trait that most resemblesRead MoreWilliam Faulkners As I Lay Dying Essay1482 Words   |  6 PagesIn As I Lay Dying, William Faulkner uses the characters Anse and Cash, and a motif/symbol in My mother is a fish, to reveal the psychological and societal problems of the twenties and thirties. Written as soon as the panic surrounding the stock market in 1929 started, Faulkner is reported as having, â€Å"took one of these [onion] sheets, unscrewed the cap from his fountain pen, and wrote at the top in blue ink, As I Lay Dying. Then he underlined it twice and wrote the date in the upper right-handRead More William Faulkners As I Lay Dying Essays990 Words   |  4 PagesWilliam Faulkners As I Lay Dying   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In his book, As I Lay Dying, William Faulkner pioneers new and interesting literary forms. His most obvious deviation from traditional novel writing was the new style of narration in which he used all the main characters as the narrator at one point or another. This allowed the reader to gain insight into the character’s thoughts, and also to prove very interesting and entertaining. Faulkner also ignores all boundaries that sane people have placed uponRead MoreAnalysis Of William Faulkners As I Lay Dying1840 Words   |  8 PagesMarvin Gaye, â€Å"If you cannot find peace within yourself, you will never find it anywhere else.† The psychology of humans can be expressed in two groups, stable or not. These two groups can be applied to a psychoanalytical approach of William Faulkner’s, As I lay Dying. In this story, the Bundren family suffers the loss of Addie Bundren a loved wife and mother. Anse and the rest of the family, honoring her last wi sh, make the trip to Jefferson to bury her with her relatives. During the trip every thingRead More William Faulkner’s As I Lay Dying Essay2412 Words   |  10 Pagesâ€Å"The past is never dead. Its not even past.† ― William Faulkner In William Faulkner’s As I Lay Dying, characterization, specifically through the multitude of narrators, transforms an otherwise pedestrian plot into a complex pilgrimage to the truth. As I Lay Dying is told from the perspective of fifteen different characters in 59 chapters (Tuck 35). Nearly half (7) of the characters from whose perspective the story is narrated are members of the same family, the Bundrens. The other charactersRead MoreEssay on William Faulkner’s As I Lay Dying1045 Words   |  5 Pages â€Å"Through the use of many characters monologues the narrative point of view presents an objective view of what really happened.† This statement is not adequate in connection with William Faulkner’s novel, As I Lay Dying. Though many points of view are expressed through the use of interior monologue, even when compiled, they cannot serve as an â€Å"objective† view of what really happened. There are many monologues by many different people, often with opposing ideas and beliefs. Together the novel isRead MoreEssay about Addie Bundren in William Faulkner’s As I Lay Dying2831 Words   |  12 PagesAddie Bundren in William Faulkner’s As I Lay Dying Woman is the source and sustainer of virtue and also a prime source of evil. She can be either; because she is, as man is not, always a little beyond good and evil. With her powerful natural drive and her instinct for the concrete and personal, she does not need to agonize over her decisions. There is no code for her to master, no initiation for her to undergo. For this reason she has access to a wisdom which is veiledRead MoreCharacters Giving Monologue William Faulkner’s Novel, As I Lay Dying807 Words   |  3 Pagesliterature is fundamentally entwined with the psyche.† William Faulkner’s novel, As I Lay Dying, institutes elements of the psych which allow the text to be analyzed through the psychoanalytic lens. 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Like the rest of his family, Vardaman is mentally unstable, but his condition is magnified due to this lack of understanding of life andRead MoreAs I Lay Dying And The Crucible Essay834 Words   |  4 PagesIn As I Lay Dying by William Faulkner and The Crucible by Arthur Miller, women are perceived in ways that fit the time period they are written in. The Crucible deals with women being accused of witchcraft and regarded as witches. In As I Lay Dying the few women in the story, are not highly regarded or of high status. Both authors depict women in different ways, but with similar attitude towards women. Even though The Crucible and As I Lay Dying were works from different time periods, the portrayal

Strategy Adopted For Accounting Reproting â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Strategy Adopted For Accounting Reproting? Answer: Introducation Every company shall function in the proper manner. The overall working of the company depends upon each function that the company performs whether it is purchase, sales, production or marketing. These functions further depend upon the main function of the company which is finance function. Its the function of the finance which controls the overall working and operations of the company. Many of the companies located across the globe have been collapsed only because of the irregular conduct and operation of the finance function. For the purpose of the investigation report, the company that has been selected is the Woolworths Limited. The annual report of the selected company has been analyzed for the two consecutive periods two thousand and seventeen and two thousand and sixteen. Under the first heading of the report, the key accounting policy adopted by the company has been identified in relation to estimates, critical factors, etc. Under the second heading, the probabilities of the distorted picture of the financial statements have been detailed with reference to the choices of the managers. Then the strategy of the management has been evaluated as to how the management of the company has allowed the managers to make choices as per their discretion. In the next heading, the quality of the disclosure of the financial information in the annual report has been discussed. Along with the above, in the next section, the flaws in accounting and financial reporting practices have been detailed and identified the areas which require the more information. In the last section of the main body of the report, the assessment has been made whether the company complies with the conceptual framework of accounting or not. The report has been started with first section and ha s been made available for the users with the concluding paragraph. Accounting Policies Adopted The company that has been selected for the purpose of the study and for the purpose of achieving the investigation is Woolworths Limited. The company has been incorporated in the year of nineteen hundred and twenty four and in the country of Australia. The company is the listed company in the Australian Stock exchange. In the beginning years, the company has been engaged in the business of selling daily necessary items to the nearby customers but has grown up significantly with the passing of the years and is now working as the big departmental store wherein any person can have the goods ranging from necessary items to the electronic goods and it has expanded its operations almost across the globe. The company has also entered the Indian market where the electronic goods are sold at the different centre namely Croma. As the company is very old and has good reputation in the market since its inception, the company has been selected for the purpose of report (Company Official Website, 2017). On twenty fifth of June, the companys financial year has been closed and as per the financial statements of the company forming part of the annual report of the company following are the policies of accounting that has been adopted by the company: In accordance with the notes to the financial statements bearing number one, the management of the company is responsible for making the appropriate assumptions, estimates and judgments. These three activities are conducted only when these affects the items which is required to be reported in the financial statements of the company. Usually the management applies the experience that the company has gained over the past years in respect to the making of the estimates and assumptions wherever required. The material items shown in the financial statements of the company have been mentioned with proper estimation of the figures and the related accounting policies like the impairment test and accounting for of the loss on impairment, amount of depreciation, etc. (Anastasia, 2015). In the given case, accounting policy for accounting of the impairment loss has been mentioned. The accounting policy contains that the each of the asset of the company except goodwill shall be checked for the impairment at the end of the every annual year. The test majorly includes whether the carrying amount of the assets so mentioned in the balance sheet at the end of the year exceeds the recoverable amount of the asset. Recoverable amount is further calculated as the higher of net selling price and the value in use. In case the value of the carrying amount exceeds the recoverable amount then the difference will be treated as the impairment loss and shall be accounted for as the expense being charged to the statement of profit and loss account and on the other side deducted from the value of the assets shown in the balance sheet. This accounting policy has given the reason for estimating the future cash inflows which will be generated from the each cash generating units as identified by the management of the company. This is the critical factor and it will help the users of the financial statements to verify the position of the assets of the company whether they are utilizing it in the better manner. Like the aforesaid accounting policy, the company has mentioned other accounting policy too which will help the users to have the maximum information for making the proper analysis. Flexibility In Accounting Flexibility means the level of the ease of doing or performing the work. The flexibility in accounting means the ease adopted by the accountants and the management of the company in performing the accounting functions. In case of each and every company there is some level of flexibility that is allowed to the managers of the company including the accountants to perform the functions at their own discretion and comfort (Weygandt, 2012). In almost all the listed companies and other than listed companies, the main aim for adopting the flexibility in accounting depends on the remuneration strategies adopted by the company. The company generally has two forms of incentives under which the executive remuneration has been planned. These are based either on the short term or the long term. Generally in the short term incentives, the company details that in case the manager of the concerned executive will be able to generate the higher sales in the current year as compared to the previous year or will be able to bring business for the company then the variable component of the short term incentive will be higher. In such as situation, the managers and the executives normally enter into the transactions through which their sales will be increased and in turn their remuneration part will also get increased (Cooper, 2015). The aforesaid fact has been listed only because of the increase in the value of the sale figure by $2002 millions and that too with the fact that the company is having the greater loss on the foreign currency transactions and the huge loss from the other segment of BIG W and winding up of that segment in the current financial year only (Bryer, 2013). As per the reading of the annual report of the company, it has been clearly disclosed that the relevant accounting concepts, policies and the procedures are being adopted by the company in very diligent manner and has duly complied with the full disclosure principles, the conceptual framework and majorly the accounting standards that are globally accepted except some of the standards which have no relevance as on date like International Financial Reporting Standards on Leases which will be effected from the first of January two thousand and nineteen. But apart from these disclosures the directors remuneration report embedded in the annual report has given the flexibility to the executives to behave in the manner so as to increase the remuneration accordingly. It has been justified from the increase in sale which shows that the executives might have been engaged in the practices which are manipulating in nature. Second instance which has delivered that the executives of the company mi ght have enjoyed the higher degree of the flexibility is that the estimation of the cash flows which will be for future years from the BIG W business and the cash flows so mentioned in the annual report are purely at the discretion of the management. Due to this estimation the huge amount of impairment loss has been charged to statement of profit and loss amounting to thirty five million dollars. Therefore, it can be concluded that the managers and the executives carry the greater level of the flexibility in accounting and choosing the accounting concepts and estimates. Accounting Strategy In continuation of the flexibility in the accounting that is carried by the managers and the executives of the company proactively, the accounting strategy that the company has adopted is in alignment with the flexibility enjoyed by the managers and the executives. It makes the managers and the executives of the company to enter into such practices which will result in the bad and distorted view of the state of affairs of the corporate and which in turn will affect the decision of the stakeholders of the company. The accounting policies are the backbone of the accounting function and the application of the same has been very well explained by the two theories of accounting Normative theory of accounting and the positive theory of accounting. These two theories helps in understanding as to why the particular concept or accounting policy has been applied and what are the effect that the accounting policy will create on the state of affairs and the performance of the company. The normative theory of accounting is defined as the way of recording the transactions in the books of accounts. In order to accomplish this, the conceptual framework of accounting has been developed which entails as to how the financial statements shall be represented. It carries three basic features: Faithful Representation Relevance Consistency Each of the features has its own relevance. The features states that the information stated in the financial statements shall be free from any type of error, shall be relevant for the users and shall apply the accounting policy on consistent basis. On the other hand the positive accounting theory entails that the application of the accounting policy and the accounting treatment has been basically derived from the behavior of the personnel deployed at the accounting function. In the given case, the company has earned the earnings before interest and tax for the year ending 30th of June 2017 and 2016 respectively. The change in their percentage in proportion to sales is 2.78% in 2016 and 4.12% in 2017. The major point in this context is that the sales have been increased only by the proportion of 3.50% approximately (Company Official Website, 2017). It means that the managers and executives might have engaged themselves in the wrong accounting and reporting practices (Kothari and Ball, 2014). The major reason for the diversion in sales and earnings before interest and taxes according to the positive accounting theory is that the behavior of the managers and the executives are governed by the interest of the stakeholders involved. It is because the stakeholder requires the higher earnings per share and that will be arrived with the maximum figure of the earnings before interest and tax. The second reason is the stipulation made by the management of the companies to have the higher earnings before interest and tax in order to plan for obtaining loans from the financial institutions and the banks (Ingram, 2008). Disclosure And Its Quality The disclosure that the financial statements of the company have made seems adequate and appropriate to the nature and size of the business (Sinha, 2012). According to the continuous disclosure scheme, the company shall make the adequate disclosure and on the regular basis and in case any change occurs which will have the material effect then that shall be reported in quick manner. On reading of the Independent Auditors report, it has been observed that the auditors has mentioned the key audit matters and has defined the audit procedures that the auditor has adopted to complete the audit in an efficient manner. The same has been done in accordance with the Auditing standard of Australia having number seven hundred and one. Secondly the company has mentioned the critical accounting estimates under the respective heads. For instance, as per paragraph number 3.3 detailing the property plant and equipment, the annual report has detailed the procedure as to how the useful life of an asset has been estimated and how the carrying value of the assets has been calculated. Similarly as per paragraph number 3.5 detailing the impairment of non financial assets, the calculation of value in use as per the estimated future cash flows has been detailed (Company Official Website, 2017). Thirdly, the disclosure regarding the segment of BIG W has been detailed with reference to the reasons for losses incurred and the future course of action that the company has adopted. The note has also been given that the sensitivity analysis has been conducted and decision has been made accordingly. Fourthly, the company has made the disclosure relating to the segments and according to the accounting standard for segment reporting, five segments have been made available for reporting. These are Australian Food, New Zealand Food, Endeavour Drinks, BIG W and Hotels. With this, the disclosure made in the annual report seems appropriate and adequate. Red Flags In Annual Report Following are the red flags as observed on deep analysis of the annual report: Decrease in the debt equity ratio has been observed as it was 1.67 in the previous year and 1.32 in the current year. These may occur due the stipulations made by the banks in order to maintain the particular level of financial ratios (Phillips and Heiser., 2011). EBIT and Revenue has been increased without having any increase in the market expectations. The impairment loss of 35 million dollars has been accounted for in case of BIG W segment but the same still have been continued further for five years more (Weiss, 2014). The above information requires extensive verification. Reporting Conceptual Framework The company has in total complied with the conceptual framework of accounting as three features of the same are present: Faithful representation Relevance Consistent (Capital Markets Advisory Committee Meeting, 2013; International Accounting Standards Board, 2010) Conclusion The investigation report has been conducted of the annual report of the company Woolworths Limited for the year ending 2017 and 2016. The analysis has been made of the accounting policies adopted for the assets and of the different accounting strategies adopted by the management of the company. The use of the positive accounting theory and the normative accounting theory has been detailed in understanding the manipulative practices adopted by the managers and the executives of the company. The quality of the financial statements has been detailed with reference to the accounting standards and the grey areas have been noticed. The overall report concludes that the strategy of the management shall abide to the provisions of the accounting standards and other laws universally applicable. References Anastasia, (2015), Financial Statement Analysis : An Introduction available on https://www.cleverism.com/financial-statement-analysis-introduction/ accessed on 22-09-2017 Bryer, R.A., 2013. Double-entry bookkeeping and the birth of capitalism: management for the commercial revolution in medieval northern Italy.Critical perspectives on Accounting,4(2), pp.113-140. Capital Markets Advisory Committee Meeting, (2013), Conceptual Framework available on https://www.ifrs.org/Meetings/MeetingDocs/Other%20Meeting/2013/March/AP%203%20conceptual%20framework.pdf accessed on 22-09-2017 Company Official Website, (2017), Annual Reports available at https://www.woolworthsgroup.com.au accessed on 22-09-2017. Cooper S, (2015), A Tale of Prudence, available on https://www.ifrs.org/Investor-resources/Investor-perspectives-2/Documents/Prudence_Investor-Perspective_Conceptual-FW.PDF accessed on 22-09-2017. Ingram, R.W., 2008. A note on teaching debits and credits in elementary accounting.Issues in Accounting Education,13(2), p.411. International Accounting Standards Board, (2010), Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting 2010 , pages 16-21 Kothari, S.P. and Ball, R., 2014.Financial statement analysis. Mcgrew-Hill Companies. Phillips, F. and Heiser, L., 2011. A field experiment examining the effects of accounting equation emphasis and transaction scope on students learning to journalize.Issues in Accounting Education,26(4), pp.681-699. Sinha, G., 2012. Financial statement analysis. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.. Weygandt, J.J., , 2010. Accounting principles.Issues in Accounting Education,25(1), pp.179-180. Weiss D, (2014), Faithful Representation available on https://bschool.huji.ac.il/.upload/Seminars/Faithful%20Representation%20October%202014.pdf accessed on 22-09-2017

Obesity (377 words) Essay Example For Students

Obesity (377 words) Essay ObesityThe numbers do not lie, according to the National Institute of Diabetes 68% of America is either overweight or obese. By definition, a person is obese when their body has enormous proportions of fat, concentrated mainly around the abdomen. Obesity has continued to plaque the United States year after year. Obesity increases a persons risk for diabetes, high blood pressure, stroke and cardiovascular diseases. Obesity has no preference when it comes to color or gender. Age is not a factor either, because of technology and other outside factors, child obesity has increased at alarming rates. Although the United States has the largest obese population in the world, the daily convenience of the American lifestyle causes this condition because of the affect that fast food has on the body, the lack of physical activity and the lack of knowledge concerning a healthy way of life. When it comes to food, convenience is not always a benefit but a hindrance to your body.As children, we were taught the four basic food groups: fruit, Legumes, whole grains, and vegetables. The United States Department of Agriculture as implemented a food pyramid. The new food groups are grains, vegetables, fruits, oils, milk and meat ; beans. It is recommended to consume these foods in certain portions but with the fast pace life that most of America leads eating according the food pyramid is easier said than done. With the high pace lives that Americans lead, cooking duties have been relinquish to line cooks at restaurants like McDonalds, Hardees, and Carls Jr. All of which offer a large variety of foods, from cheeseburgers to salads. The daily recommend caloric intake for an adult is about 1940 calories for a women and 2550 calories for a man (plus or minus 200 depending on activity level) depending on your resource. The process of burning these calories is very complicated. To sum the process up, the body only needs the recommend about of calories, the excess is stored as fat, which can lead to obesity. If a person were to have a cheeseburger meal at Hardees for lunch, which includes a cheeseburger, large fries and a large Coke-a-cola the amount of calories consumed would total 1350 calories. For women, that is more than